Atmospheric water vapor retrieval from landsat 8 thermal infrared images huazhong ren1, chen du1, rongyuan liu2, qiming qin1, guangjian yan2, zhaoliang li3,4, and jinjie meng1 1institute of remote sensing and geographic information system, peking university, beijing, china, 2state key laboratory of. This is the basis of thermal infrared remote sensing. Remote sensing of vegetation water content using shortwave. The thermal infrared tir images are interpreted for various purposes such rock type discrimination, mapping of geological structures faults zones, and mapping of surface moisture 3. Remote sensing applications of uncooled longwave infrared. Thermal infrared remote sensing has been recognized for a long time as one of the most. Airborne tir remote sensing has proven to be an effective method for mapping spatial temperature patterns in rivers and streams. Simulations using the scattering by arbitrarily inclined leaves sail model indicated that ndii is sensitive to surface moisture content. A handheld camera is an example of a remote sensing instrument. International archives of photogrammetry and remote sensing. Sensors, methods, applications is unique because of the large field it spans, the potentials it reveals, and the detail it provides.
Thermal infrared remote sensing thermal infrared energy is emitted from all objects that have a temperature greater than absolute zero. Tirs was added to the satellite mission when it became clear that state water resource managers rely on the highly accurate measurements of earths thermal energy obtained by landsat 8. Sm estimation from optical and thermal remote sensing although the signal penetration capabilities of optical and thermal methods are worse than those of thermal infrared and microwave methods, the reflectance domain is the most operational because the images are easily available over a broad range of ground resolutions 7782. Introduction hyperspectral and multispectral imaging in the infrared region are widely used for landcover classification of natural and urban scenes. Thermal remote sensing is based on the measuring of em radiation in the infrared region of spectrum. Remote sensing, in simplest terms, means viewing something from a distance rather than by direct contact. Scene analysis and detection in thermal infrared remote. Thermal infrared geologic remote sensing research at the jet propllsion laboratory wry jane bartholomew and anne b. Digital analysis of thermal infrared imagery using. These radiations are emitted from warm objects such as the earths surface. Thermal infrared remote sensing for urban climate and. Theoretical background of thermal infrared remote sensing.
Hao chen, zhihong luo, jiaying liu, shenzhen jingwan quantum remote sensing science and technology co. Price usda, agricultural research service, hydrology laboratory, plant physiology institute, beltsville, maryland 20705 a spectral window in the thermal infrared permits observations of surface. Satellite sensors that measure infrared radiation infer the amount of heat emitted from the earth. The nir and swir are also known as the reflected infrared, referring to the main infrared component of the solar radiation reflected from the earths surface. Remote sensing of environment on the analysis of thermal. Application of thermal remote sensing in study on surface temperature distribution of ho chi minh city. Thermal remote sensing uses noncontact instruments that sense longwave or thermal infrared radiation to estimate surface temperature. Daria 2 department of earth and planetary sciences, johns hopkins university, baltimore, maryland abstract.
Hence in multispectral remote sensing it is advisable to take advantage of both shortwave and longwave bands to determine the cloud phase. Geothermal is the cheapest resources given to human being by the earth. Atmospheric water vapor retrieval from landsat 8 thermal infrared images huazhong ren1, chen du1, rongyuan liu2, qiming qin1, guangjian yan2, zhaoliang li3,4, and jinjie meng1 1institute of remote sensing and geographic information system, peking university, beijing, china, 2state key laboratory of remote sensingscience, school of geography, beijing normal university. Thermal infrared remote sensing gers laboratory at uprm. Payload and bus level of the satellite a payload with specifications for temperature resolution of 0. The main difference between thermal infrared and near infrared is that thermal. Introduction to thermal infrared remote sensing surface. Claudia kunzer influence of the atmosphere on the thermal ir signal scattering processes are negligible in the thermal ir region because of the long wavelength, but atmospheric absorption and emission by water vapor, co 2 and o 3 are prevalent. Abstracthighresolution thermal infrared tir remote sensing has a wide range of. A broad variety of fields apply thermal infrared remote sensing, for example. Introduction to thermal infrared remote sensing surface energy balance system basics z. Pdf thermal infrared remote sensing of water temperature. The measuring wavelength of the thermal camera was 814. The theory to express the thermal emission is based on the black body concept.
Remote sensing is the acquisition of information about an object or phenomenon without making physical contact with the object and thus in contrast to onsite observation, especially the earth. Thermal infrared sensing is normally applied to determine absolute or relative temperatures from a distance. Oct 02, 2016 thermal remote sensing is based on the measuring of em radiation in the infrared region of spectrum. Remote sensing is used in numerous fields, including geography, land surveying and most earth science disciplines for example, hydrology, ecology, meteorology, oceanography, glaciology. Infrared remote sensing and instrumentation xxviii. Thermal ir remote sensing thermal infrared radiation refers to electromagnetic waves with a wavelength of between 3 and 20 micrometers. Kahle january 29, 1985 justification remotely sensed thermal in.
Highresolution thermal infrared remote sensing data t c were measured with the infrared thermal imager fluke ir flexcam ti 55, fluck crop. If we are interested in soil, water, and rock with ambient temperatures on the earthssurface of 300. The best way of its regional investigation is thermal inferred remote sensing. Thermalinfrared remote sensing and kirchhoffs law 2. Therefore, all the features we encounter in the landscape on a typical day sun, vegetation, soil, rocks, water, and even people emit thermal infrared electromagnetic radiation. Although remote sensing has a central role to play in the acquisition of synoptic data obtained at multiple spatial and temporal scales to facilitate our understanding of local and regional processes as they influence the global climate, the use of thermal infrared tir remote sensing data in this capacity has received only minimal attention. Ir does not penetrate walls and so does not interfere with other devices in adjoining rooms. Infrared remote sensing makes use of infrared sensors to detect infrared radiation emitted from the earths surface. Thermal infrared remote sensing of geothermal resource. Research on highresolution quantum medical image technology for covid19 invited paper paper 115021 authors. Thermal infrared tir remote sensing provides a unique tool for mapping the surface expressions of geothermal activity as applied to the exploration for new. Most commonly used intervals are 3 5 micrometer and 814 micrometer.
Review of thermal infrared applications and requirements for. Price usda, agricultural research service, hydrology laboratory, plant physiology institute, beltsville, maryland 20705. Thermal infrared tir data is acquired by a multitude of groundbased, airborne, and spaceborne remote sensing instruments. In the case of earth remote sensing, it also includes a model of the radiative transfer through the atmosphere. The limited utility of apparent thermal inertia 59 john c. Remote sensing applications include monitoring deforestation in areas such as the amazon basin, glacial features in arctic and antarctic regions, and depth sounding of coastal and ocean depths.
In terms of earth science, remote sensing refers to the ability of satellites to detect electromagnetic radiation from features on the earths surface or in the atmosphere. This book is an indispensable volume for scientists, lecturers, and decision makers interested in thermal infrared technology, methods, and applications. Infrared remote control protocols like rc5, sirc, are used to communicate with infrared. Thus such bands in spectra of fine particulate regoliths i. Objects with an average earth temperature roughly 50 to 50 degrees celsius. Ref to gnd a s c on analog channels b n digital channels scienceworkshopz p r e s s t o l o g.
What can thermal infrared remote sensing of terrestrial volcanoes tell us. Thermal infrared geologic remote sensing research jet. Thermal inferred image is a precise distributive mapping of the temperature of all earths surface, which generally reflects clearly the geothermal body directly exposed to the earths surface. Chapter 17 thermal infrared remote sensing of geothermal systems. Thermal infrared tir remote sensing can identify urban hotspots at appropriate scales.
However, remote sensing of energy emitted from the earths surface in the thermal infrared 3. Geological survey, forest and rangeland ecosystem science. Within atmospheric windows effects are less severe. Atmospheric water vapor retrieval from landsat 8 thermal. Exploration of the solar system by infrared remote sensing r. Siwen bi, institute of remote sensing and digital earth china. Figure 1 thermal infrared tir survey locations in the salmon river basin conducted july 2223, 2009. Spatial and temporal scaling of thermal infrared remote. What can thermal infrared remote sensing of university of pittsburgh. The thermal infrared sensor tirs measures land surface temperature in two thermal bands with a new technology that applies quantum physics to detect heat. Rocks, minerals, vegetation, and manmade materials have identifying spectral signatures and distinctive absorptive and reflective spectral characteristics. The commercial development of microbolometer uncooled longwave thermal infrared imagers in conjuncture with advanced radiometric calibration methods developed at montana state university has led to new uses of thermal imagery in remote sensing applications. Thermalinfrared remote sensing of stream temperatures at.
Thermal remote sensing exploits the fact that everything above absolute zero 0 k or 273. Introduction many multispectral mss systems sense radiation in the thermal infrared as well as the visible and reflected infrared portions of the spectrum. Compared to visible imageryshowing what appears to human eyesinfrared imagery can better distinguish between ice and snow turquoise, and clouds nearly white. Infrared communications are useful for indoor use in areas of high population density. Remote sensing makes it possible to collect data of dangerous or inaccessible areas. Principles of remote sensing centre for remote imaging. Infrared is the most common way for remote controls to command appliances.
Increasing urban vegetation cover can reduce land surface temperatures lst. Thermal infrared remote sensing for urban climate and environmental studies. Thermal infrared data is acquired by a multitude of groundbased, airborne, and space borne remote sensing instruments. Claudia kunzer radiative transfer model rtm based on a radiative transfer equation the path of the radiation through the. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Thermal infrared tir remote sensing was applied to map surface temperature anomalies related to geothermal activities in the northern part of malawi. The interpretation of tir imageries using digital image analysis includes temperature. A broad variety of fields apply thermal infrared remote sensing, for example to assess general land or seasurface temperature dynamics, detect forest, coal and peat fires, map urban heat islands or thermal water pollution, differentiate geologic surfaces. Thermal infrared spectrometer for earth science remote. Terminology in thermal remote sensing thermodynamic kinetic temperature. Laboratory and field measurements of the spectral, directional emissivity of surfaces. Tir remote sensing is a useful tool for planning and informing urban greening. Infrared sensor 01206915a 2 500interface 1 2 gain1,10.
Prospecting for geothermal resources using thermal. Apr 03, 2020 compared to visible imageryshowing what appears to human eyesinfrared imagery can better distinguish between ice and snow turquoise, and clouds nearly white. Pdf thermal infrared remote sensing of water temperature in. Use of highresolution thermal infrared remote sensing and. The middlewave infrared mwir and longwave infrared lwir are within the thermal infrared region. The main difference between thermal infrared and near infrared is that thermal infrared is emitted energy, whereas the near infrared is reflected energy, similar to visible light. These data are used to establish baseline conditions and direct future ground level monitoring. Most remote sensing applications make use of the 3 to 5 and 8 to 14 micrometer range due to absorption bands. Physical principles of remote sensing earth online esa. Geothermal surface manifestations such as warm grounds, hot springs, fumaroles and geysers, create surface temperature anomalies that can be mapped using thermal infrared tir remote sensing.